Ireland's Energy Supply and Security of Supply
This annual note provides a 'first look' at statistics on Ireland’s energy supply and the security of that energy supply.
First Look: Ireland's Energy Supply and Security of Supply in 2025
This note is part of the ‘First Look’ series of publications from the Energy Statistics Team in SEAI. These publications aim to rapidly disseminate key energy insights from SEAI’s data releases, addressing the need for timely and trusted data to inform evidence-led energy policy and determine the pace of progress against binding energy and climate targets.
This First Look note provides key insights into Ireland's energy supply and the security of that energy supply in 2025. It summarises the imports, exports, and indigenous production of energy in Ireland, the energy-related emissions, levels of installed capacity for wind and solar generation, the international sources of our heating and transport oil-products, and the level of national oil reserves held.
This note includes a comprehensive set of technical appendices that provide additional details and tabulated data relevant to energy supply and the security of energy supply in Ireland over the last decade, mainly based on data from the interim 2025 national energy balance, published by SEAI on 19th of May 2026.
On 10th July 2026, SEAI published the First Look: Energy Supply and Security of Supply note for 2025.
Key content
Energy supply
• Breakdowns of Irelands national energy requirement by energy product and time
• Breakdowns of Ireland's electricity supply by source
• Trends in wind and solar-PV capacities and generation
• Trends in biofuel blending into road transport fuels
• SEAI estimates of energy-related emissions in the context of carbon budget sectoral emission ceilings
Security of energy supply
• Breakdown of Irelands energy requirement by supply stream, i.e. by imports, indigenous production, etc.
• 2024-to-2025 changes in net imports and indigenous production by energy product
• Ireland's overall energy import dependency and product specific import dependencies
• Supply streams for key oil products
• Imports of key oil-products like crude oil, diesel, gasoline, and kerosene by partner country
• The emergency oil stocks held by Ireland
Technical Highlights
Energy Supply in 2025
Overall Energy Mix:
- Ireland’s total energy requirement in 2025 was 163.1 TWh, down 2.2% from 2024.
- Ireland’s fossil fuel requirement was 129.2 TWh, down 4.7% from 2024.
- Ireland’s renewable energy requirement was 26.0 TWh, up 6.8% from 2024.
Fossil Fuels:
- Fossil fuels accounted for 79.2% of Ireland’s energy requirement, the lowest share recorded in decades.
- More than three-quarters of Ireland’s energy came from oil (47.3%) and natural gas (29.9%) combined.
- Energy requirements for oil (-4.7%), coal (- 44.7%) and natural gas (-2.1%) were all down in 2025.
Renewable Energy:
- Renewables accounted for 15.9% of Ireland’s energy requirement in 2025, up from 14.6% in 2024.
- Wind was Ireland’s largest renewable source in 2025, accounting for 46.3% of renewable energy.
- The second and third largest sources of renewables were biodiesel (14.7%) and biomass (11.9%).
- Solar PV from solar farms and rooftop installations accounted for 6.3% of renewable energy.
- Ambient heat capture from the national fleet of heat pumps accounted for 5.5% of renewable energy.
Security of Supply in 2025
Energy Imports & Indigenous Production:
- Ireland’s overall energy imports dependency in 2025 was 78.2%, down from 79.5% in 2024.
- The average EU energy imports dependency in 2024 – the latest data available – was 57.3%.
- The UK was Ireland’s largest source of energy imports, accounting for 55.5% of total energy imports.
- 16.9% of Ireland’s total energy imports came from the USA and 16.2% came from EU countries.
- Less than half of Ireland's electricity supply came from fully indigenous sources and fuels:
- 16.3% of Ireland's electricity supply came from net electricity imports across interconnectors
- 35.1% came from indigenous generation fuelled by imported gas, coal, oil, biomass and biodiesel.
Fossil Fuels:
- 92.8% of Ireland’s energy imports were fossil fuels in 2025.
- Ireland imported 100% of its oil and coal supply in 2025 and 82.3% of its natural gas energy requirement.
- Indigenous production of natural gas in Ireland fell by 15.3% in 2025.
- 73.5% of available supply (AFEC) of petrol came from indigenous refinery transformation in Ireland.
- 85.5% of Ireland’s available supply (AFEC) of heating and jet kerosene was net-imported.
- Over two-thirds (67.7%) of Ireland’s crude oil imports in 2025 came from the USA.
Renewable Energy:
- 64.9% of Ireland’s indigenous production of energy was renewable energy in 2025.
- Ireland net-imported 15.2% of its overall renewable energy requirement in 2025.
- Ireland net-imported 76.5% and 89.0% of its biodiesels and bioethanol energy requirement, respectively.
- Ireland net-imported 15.4% of its biomass energy requirement in 2025.
Further reading
This new report provides annual updates on the security of Ireland's energy supply. Further background on the broader topic of energy security can be found in SEAI's Energy Security in Ireland 2020 report, and in the Government's Energy Security in Ireland to 2030 strategy.