Understanding the factors that affect energy prices is important for Ireland. It helps businesses, householders and policymakers to respond appropriately.

Ireland has committed to developing metrics of energy cost competitiveness as outlined in the Government's White Paper on Ireland's Transition to a Low Carbon Energy Future 2015-2030. We have developed average electricity and natural gas prices for business and households. These are based on the EU Electricity and Gas Price Regulation statistics.

The graphs below show the average natural gas and electricity prices to business and households across all consumption bands in the Euro Area and the EU-27. They also show the weighted average across all bands in Ireland. Up to the first half of 2022, the weightings for the Euro Area and the EU-27 are based on band volumes in a majority of the countries last reported in 2014. From the second half of 2022, Eurostat began publishing weighted averages for the EU and Euro Area for the first time, and these are used since then.

Download EPR Report for Jan to Jun 2023    Stat Chat on Ireland's Energy Prices

Average electricity price to business

Download electricity prices for businesses data 

Average electricity price to business (Euro cent/kWh),Ireland,Euro Area,EU-27
2007S2,12.50217906,9.38,9.06
2008S1,12.71,10.61,10.19
2008S2,14.18,11,10.6
2009S1,12.31,11.51,10.91
2009S2,11.37,11.13,10.66
2010S1,10.61,11.28,10.83
2010S2,10.66,11.45,11
2011S1,10.9,12.04,11.53
2011S2,12.01,12.34,11.67
2012S1,13.1,12.67,11.98
2012S2,13.76,12.9,12.17
2013S1,13.88,13.35,12.52
2013S2,13.83,13.39,12.48
2014S1,13.89,13.79,12.7
2014S2,13.6,13.57,12.49
2015S1,14,13.51,12.42
2015S2,13.58,13.25,12.2
2016S1,12.97,12.92,11.85
2016S2,12.53,12.72,11.72
2017S1,12.37,13.06,11.97
2017S2,12.61,12.71,11.71
2018S1,13.39,12.74,11.75
2018S2,13,12.83,11.88
2019S1,12.63,13.73,12.71
2019S2,12.29,13.72,12.59
2020S1,12.53,14.16,13.03
2020S2,13.43,14.03,12.94
2021S1,14.27,14.53,13.38
2021S2,18.56,16.07,15.06
2022S1,22.26,20.2,19.27
2022S2,28.4,22.02,21.5
2023S1,27.29,20.61,20.22
Source: SEAI based on Eurostat data

The latest data available, for the January to June 2023 period is shown above. The Temporary Business Energy Support Scheme (TBESS) was introduced in the second half of 2022 to support businesses with increases in their electricity or natural gas (energy) costs. The scheme is administered by Revenue, and as business prices in this report represent average supplier prices, TBESS rebates are not accounted for in the prices above. See EPR Price report above for further details.

Average gas price to business

Download average gas price for business data 

Average gas price to business (Euro cent/kWh),Ireland,Euro Area,EU-27
S2 2007,,3.32,3.17
S1 2008,3.74,3.66,3.52
S2 2008,4.12,4.2,4.04
S1 2009,3.73,3.91,3.71
S2 2009,3.04,3.35,3.22
S1 2010,2.91,3.36,3.25
S2 2010,3.35,3.55,3.45
S1 2011,3.5,3.67,3.55
S2 2011,3.53,3.88,3.75
S1 2012,3.45,4.08,3.93
S2 2012,4.05,4.12,4
S1 2013,4.16,4.35,4.18
S2 2013,4.37,4.27,4.12
2014S1,4.07,4.13,3.97
2014S2,4.01,3.95,3.8
2015S1,3.85,3.86,3.72
2015S2,3.68,3.68,3.54
2016S1,3.36,3.36,3.21
2016S2,3.23,3.27,3.12
2017S1,3.29,3.22,3.07
2017S2,3.32,3.16,3.02
2018S1,3.37,3.3,3.16
2018S2,3.45,3.46,3.32
2019S1,3.33,3.5,3.38
2019S2,3.09,3.34,3.21
2020S1,2.84,3.24,3.09
2020S2,3.03,3.13,2.95
2021S1,3.15,3.31,3.14
2021S2,5.16,4.59,4.56
2022S1,6.56,6.65,6.74
2022S2,8.45,8.71,9.01
2023S1,8.02,7.76,7.86
Source: SEAI based on Eurostat data

The latest data available, for the January to June 2023 period is shown above. The Temporary Business Energy Support Scheme (TBESS) was introduced in the second half of 2022 to support businesses with increases in their electricity or natural gas (energy) costs. The scheme is administered by Revenue, and as business prices in this report represent average supplier prices, TBESS rebates are not accounted for in the prices above. See EPR Price report above for further details.

Average electricity price to households

Download electricity price for households data

Average electricity price to households (Euro cent/kWh),Ireland,Euro Area,EU-27
S2 2007,18.21,16.03,15.67
S1 2008,16.6,16.67,16.33
S2 2008,19.34,17.48,17.11
S1 2009,19.31,17.87,17.17
S2 2009,17.72,18,17.38
S1 2010,17.05,18.28,17.79
S2 2010,17.88,18.73,18.26
S1 2011,17.23,19.5,19.03
S2 2011,19.89,20,19.36
S1 2012,20.4,20.23,19.57
S2 2012,21.84,21.14,20.42
S1 2013,21.64,21.71,20.88
S2 2013,23.11,22.06,21.09
2014S1,22.97,22.23,21.07
2014S2,24.38,22.71,21.41
2015S1,23,22.72,21.4
2015S2,23.6,22.84,21.51
2016S1,22.09,22.33,21.08
2016S2,22.64,22.46,21.25
2017S1,21.65,22.60,21.31
2017S2,22.94,22.51,21.31
2018S1,21.84,22.67,21.47
2018S2,24.36,23.29,22.09
2019S1,22.98,23.69,22.38
2019S2,24.56,23.45,22.22
2020S1,23.05,23.35,22.01
2020S2,24.95,23.30,21.92
2021S1,23.96,23.69,22.44
2021S2,28.23,25.04,23.98
2022S1,22.83,26.58,25.67
2022S2,31.72,28.84,27.94
2023S1,25.25,30.44,28.92
Source: SEAI based on Eurostat data

Note: Domestic electricity customers, including pay as you go customers, received two account credits of €200 between January and June 2023. These rebates are included in the Residential Electricity Prices for S1 2023. Please see EPR Price report above for further details.

Average gas price to households

Download average gas price for households

Average gas price to households (Euro cent/kWh),Ireland,Euro Area,EU-27
S2 2007,,6.09,5.79
S1 2008,5.45,6.23,5.95
S2 2008,6.51,7.15,6.82
S1 2009,6.44,6.8,6.46
S2 2009,5.51,5.98,5.76
S1 2010,4.97,5.94,5.77
S2 2010,5.28,6.62,6.39
S1 2011,5.1,6.45,6.23
S2 2011,6.2,7.4,7.07
S1 2012,6.15,7.06,6.74
S2 2012,6.75,7.97,7.59
S1 2013,6.55,7.46,7.1
S2 2013,7.28,8.1,7.66
2014S1,6.84,7.49,7.06
2014S2,7.53,8.14,7.62
2015S1,6.77,7.3,6.91
2015S2,7.33,7.93,7.47
2016S1,6.56,7.02,6.62
2016S2,6.86,7.41,6.97
2017S1,6.37,6.72,6.35
2017S2,6.57,7.45,6.99
2018S1,6.36,6.85,6.47
2018S2,7.7,7.85,7.36
2019S1,6.83,7.34,6.92
2019S2,7.68,7.89,7.39
2020S1,6.73,7.03,6.57
2020S2,7.07,7.68,7.12
2021S1,6.24,6.99,6.52
2021S2,7.93,8.61,8.02
2022S1,8.51,9.33,8.82
2022S1,15.48,11.68,11.63
2023S1,14.69,12.76,12.07
Source: SEAI based on Eurostat data

The latest data available, for the January to June 2023 period is shown above. See EPR Price note above for further details.

Household natural gas prices tend to be higher over the summer and lower over winter. Natural gas prices can be broken down into the charge for quantity of gas used and fixed charges such as network costs. The network costs are applied evenly over the full year. This means that in summer the cost per unit of gas used is higher, as the fixed charge is the same but there are far fewer units of gas used.

 

Fuel price comparison

SEAI collects data on fuel prices each quarter to businesses and households. This is intended to help consumers to make reasonable comparisons between the cost performance of various fuels used in the more common types of heating system in Ireland.  Tables are published for both commercial and domestic consumers. These tables are available for download at the link below. The graphs below show the data for both commercial and household fuel prices.

Download commercial and household fuel price comparison sheets

Commercial fuel price comparison

Download commercial fuel price data

Click and drag inside graph to zoom

Commercial fuel cost comparison (Euro cent/kWh),Oil (Gas oil),Gas (average commercial rate),Electricity (average commercial rate),Wood (bulk pellets)
2008Q1,7.88,4.2,14.31,3.98
2008Q2,8.16,4.2,14.31,4.06
2008Q3,9.92,4.59,16.04,3.79
2008Q4,8.69,4.59,16.04,3.64
2009Q1,5.48,4.15,13.86,3.64
2009Q2,5.85,4.15,13.86,3.85
2009Q3,6.33,3.39,12.81,3.7
2009Q4,6.27,3.39,12.81,3.58
2010Q1,6.92,3.24,11.91,3.58
2010Q2,7.41,3.24,11.91,4.03
2010Q3,8.17,3.7,11.94,3.95
2010Q4,8.06,3.7,11.94,3.95
2011Q1,8.48,3.86,12.12,3.95
2011Q2,8.95,3.86,12.12,4.09
2011Q3,9.16,3.87,13.44,4.13
2011Q4,9.58,3.87,13.44,4.4
2012Q1,9.96,3.8,14.75,4.4
2012Q2,10.42,3.8,14.75,4.4
2012Q3,10.45,4.44,15.38,4.58
2012Q4,10.68,4.44,15.38,4.62
2013Q1,10.17,4.57,15.55,4.84
2013Q2,10.3,4.57,15.55,4.8
2013Q3,9.98,4.82,15.48,4.92
2013Q4,10.14,4.82,15.48,5.58
2014Q1,10.2,4.47,15.58,5.6
2014Q2,9.89,4.47,15.58,5.6
2014Q3,10.04,4.4,15.26,5.6
2014Q4,9.73,4.4,15.26,5.78
2015Q1,7.84,4.3,15.72,5.78
2015Q2,8.21,4.3,15.72,5.69
2015Q3,8.5,4.08,15.26,5.69
2015Q4,7.66,4.08,15.26,5.69
2016Q1,6.77,3.71,14.58,5.69
2016Q2,6.83,3.71,14.58,5.69
2016Q3,7.23,3.19,14.12,5.69
2016Q4,7.52,3.19,14.12,5.69
2017Q1,8.29,3.65,13.87,5.69
2017Q2,7.86,3.65,13.87,5.69
2017Q3,7.49,3.69,14.19,5.69
2017Q4,8.08,3.69,14.19,5.63
2018Q1,8.41,3.73,15.04,5.66
2018Q2,8.45,3.73,15.04,5.79
2018Q3,9.16,2.8,13.2,5.57
2018Q4,9.45,2.8,13.2,5.57
2019Q1,8.19,3.39,12.63,5.57
2019Q2,8.57,3.39,12.63,5.3
2019Q3,8.75,3.09,12.29,5.3
2019Q4,8.88,3.09,12.29,5.3
2020Q1,8.92,2.94,12.69,5.42
2020Q2,7.19,2.94,12.69,5.4
2020Q3,7.18,3.35,15.78,5.52
2020Q4,6.91,3.35,15.78,5.52
2021Q1,7.22,3.17,13.45,5.52
2021Q2,8.08,3.17,13.45,5.52
2021Q3,8.87,5.41,16.06,5.44
2021Q4,9.5,5.41,16.06,5.5
2022Q1,9.83,6.31,18.74,5.73
2022Q2,13.51,6.31,18.74,7.33
2022Q3,15.41,8,22.23,8.81
2022Q4,14.27,7.98,22.23,11.46
2023Q1,12.47,8.06,23.63,11.53
2023Q2,11.03,8.06,23.63,11.05
2023Q3,10.65,,,10.17
2023Q4,13.34,,,10.29
Source: SEAI

For both commercial and household customers, electricity is the most expensive fuel, followed by oil. For commercial users, electricity and oil prices increased in the most recent quarter, while wood pellet and natural gas prices remained flat.

Household fuel price comparison

Download household fuel price data

Click and drag inside graph to zoom

 

Household fuel cost comparison (Euro cent/kWh),Oil (Kerosene),Gas (average domestic rate),Electricity (average domestic rate),Wood (Bagged pellets)
2008Q1,7.07,5.45,16.6,6.64
2008Q2,7.49,5.45,16.6,6.59
2008Q3,10.17,6.51,19.34,6.69
2008Q4,8.78,6.51,19.34,6.69
2009Q1,5.52,6.44,19.31,6.7
2009Q2,5.85,6.44,19.31,7.15
2009Q3,6.63,5.51,17.72,7.2
2009Q4,6.07,5.51,17.72,6.72
2010Q1,6.73,4.97,17.05,6.76
2010Q2,7.3,4.97,17.05,6.71
2010Q3,8.46,5.28,17.88,6.83
2010Q4,8.03,5.28,17.88,6.68
2011Q1,8.33,5.1,17.23,6.67
2011Q2,9.73,5.1,17.23,6.63
2011Q3,9.12,6.2,19.89,6.47
2011Q4,9.44,6.2,19.89,6.67
2012Q1,9.75,6.15,20.4,6.61
2012Q2,10.32,6.15,20.4,6.71
2012Q3,9.69,6.75,21.84,6.62
2012Q4,10.5,6.75,21.84,6.61
2013Q1,10.09,6.55,21.64,6.63
2013Q2,10.13,6.55,21.64,6.77
2013Q3,9.69,7.28,23.11,6.69
2013Q4,9.81,7.28,23.11,6.95
2014Q1,9.92,6.84,22.97,6.9
2014Q2,9.53,6.84,22.97,6.9
2014Q3,9.66,7.53,24.38,6.9
2014Q4,9.49,7.53,24.38,7.1
2015Q1,7.55,6.77,23,7.14
2015Q2,7.86,6.77,23,7.26
2015Q3,8,7.33,23.6,7.21
2015Q4,7.12,7.33,23.6,7.48
2016Q1,6.33,6.56,22.09,7.43
2016Q2,6.37,6.56,22.09,7.4
2016Q3,6.86,6.86,22.64,7.45
2016Q4,7,6.86,22.64,7.36
2017Q1,7.81,6.37,21.65,7.43
2017Q2,7.46,6.37,21.65,7.43
2017Q3,7.06,6.57,22.94,7.4
2017Q4,7.61,6.57,22.94,7.17
2018Q1,7.98,6.36,21.84,7.14
2018Q2,8.01,6.36,21.84,7.86
2018Q3,8.69,7.7,24.36,7.45
2018Q4,9.18,7.7,24.36,7.45
2019Q1,7.61,6.83,22.98,7.45
2019Q2,8.24,6.83,22.98,7.33
2019Q3,8.44,7.68,24.56,7.33
2019Q4,7.41,7.68,24.56,7.33
2020Q1,8.60,6.73,23.05,7.33
2020Q2,5.86,6.73,23.05,7.53
2020Q3,6.15,7.07,24.95,7.53
2020Q4,5.92,7.07,24.95,7.53
2021Q1,6.76,6.24,23.96,7.21
2021Q2,7.57,6.24,23.96,7.21
2021Q3,8.37,7.93,28.23,7.16
2021Q4,9.17,7.93,28.23,7.16
2022Q1,9.82,8.51,22.83,7.16
2022Q2,13.91,8.51,22.83,7.95
2022Q3,15.49,15.48,31.72,9.52
2022Q4,13.66,15.48,31.72,11.78
2023Q1,12.58,14.69,25.25,11.78
2023Q2,11.16,14.69,25.25,12.66
2023Q3,12.66,,,12.66
2023Q4,11.05,,,12.59
Source: SEAI